Cases / NFB v. Target Corp.

National Federation of the Blind v. Target Corp.

A seminal 2006 case that was one of the first to legally establish the need for commercial websites to be accessible under the ADA.

Case Background

In 2006, the National Federation of the Blind (NFB) filed a class-action lawsuit against Target Corporation. The NFB alleged that Target's website, Target.com, was inaccessible to blind customers using screen-reading software. This prevented them from independently locating and purchasing products, accessing discounts, and performing other online tasks.

This early case sought to define websites as "places of public accommodation" under ADA Title III, despite the lack of direct physical connection.

Filed 2006, Northern District of California

The Central Argument

The primary question was whether a purely commercial website without a strict "nexus" to a physical store could be classified as a place of public accommodation under the ADA.

  • Does the ADA's language on "public accommodations" extend to services provided exclusively through the internet?
  • Should businesses that operate both physically and digitally be required to make their websites equally accessible?

The Settlement and Precedent (2008)

The case was settled, with Target agreeing to a binding agreement to make their site fully compliant, establishing an **unprecedented legal foundation** for digital accessibility.

Target paid $6 million in damages and committed to conforming to the **Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG)** standard, setting a benchmark for online retailers across the United States for years to come.

WCAG
MANDATE

Established WCAG as the compliance standard.

Compliance Takeaway for Your Business

This case served as the **first major wake-up call** for large-scale e-commerce. It dictates that all retailers, regardless of the strength of their "nexus," must view their websites as extensions of their customer service and ensure full compliance. It cemented **WCAG** as the de facto technical standard.

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